![]() The shaded part shows the longest chain that contains 7 carbons. Ii) The root word for the following molecule is "hept-" since the longest chain contains 7 carbons.ĭo not come under the impression that the ethyl groups (-C 2H 5) are side chains and the longest chain contains 5 carbons. Note that the parent chain may not be straight. I) In the following molecule, the longest chain has 6 carbons. The parent chain in an organic molecule is the longest continuous carbon chain containing as many functional groups, double bonds, triple bonds, side chains and substituents as possible. The root word based on the number of carbon atoms in it. The first step in naming an organic compound is to select the parent chain and give The following IUPAC nomenclature rules are helpful in assigning the systematic IUPAC name of an organic compound. You will learn how to select a parent chain? how to number the carbon atomsĪnd give the locants to the functional groups, side chains ? etc., in theįollowing section. Now add them to makeup the IUPAC name of the compound. The IUPAC name of the following compound (3-methylbutan-2-ol) is arrived in steps mentionedĪre there any side chains or substituents? The infix "bicyclo" if the compound is bicyclic.ĥ) Finally add prefix(es) to the IUPAC name, if there are side chains or substituents on the parent chain.Į.g. This is optional and not necessary if the molecule contains no functional group.Ĥ) Prefix the root word with the infix "cyclo" if the parent chain isĬyclic or with the infix "spiro" if it is a spiro compound or with STEPS INVOLVED INġ) The first step in giving IUPAC name to an organic compound is to select the parent chain and assign aĢ) Next, the appropriate primary suffix(es) must be added to the root word to indicate the saturation or unsaturation.ģ) If the molecule contains functional group or groups, a secondary suffix must be added to indicate the main functional group. The infixes are some times called as primary prefixes. * The "Bicyclo" infix is used to indicate the bicyclic nature of ![]() * The "Spiro" infix is used to indicate the spiro compound. * The "Cyclo" infix is used to indicate the cyclic nature of the Spiro, bicyclo, are added between the prefix(es) and root word in the IUPAC They have lower priority than double and triple bonds. Remember that the alkyl groups along with halo, nitro and alkoxy have (the prefixes for functional groups are already given) The prefixes used for some common side chains and substituents are shown below. Prefix may precede the word root or the infix of IUPAC name. The prefix is used to indicate the side chains, substituents and low priority functional groups (which are considered as substituents). Note: This is not the complete reference. When carbon of the functional group is NOT part of the parent chain When carbon of the functional group is part of the parent chain ![]()
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